This article examines the ruling of the Delhi Bench of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT or the Tribunal), i.e. the highest fact-finding authority under the Indian Income Tax Act (the Act), in the case of Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. and the ramifications of that case for the interpretation of the treaty article on the determination of a permanent establishment, especially in the case of expatriate employees seconded and visiting the Indian subsidiary and the attribution of profits to a PE. The issue of reassessment proceedings under Indian law is also considered.